| Ordnance Survey International Formerly Directorate of Colonial Surveys Directorate of Overseas Surveys Ordnance Survey (Overseas Surveys Directorate) |
|
|---|---|
| Formation | 1946 |
| Extinction | 2001 (55 years) |
| Type | GO |
| Purpose/focus | Provided a central survey and mapping organisation for British colonies and protectorates |
| Headquarters | Southampton |
| Parent organization | Ordnance Survey |
| Staff | None |
From 1946 to 1999, Ordnance Survey International and its predecessors built the Ordnance Survey International Collection (formerly the Ordnance Survey International Library), an archive of air photography, map and survey records derived from its mapping activities outside the UK.[1]
The agency was closed in 2001.[2] Responsibility for its archive passed to The National Archives c2003; it was dispersed shortly thereafter.[1]
Contents |
In 1946 the Directorate of Colonial Surveys (DCS) was established by the Colonial Office to provide a central survey and mapping organisation for British colonies and protectorates.[2] In 1957, with the imminent decolonisation of many British territories, it was renamed the Directorate of Overseas Surveys (DOS).[2] Government reviews during the 1970s led to it being merging into the Ordnance Survey (OS) in 1984 whence it was known as the Overseas Surveys Directorate (OSD).[2]
In 1991, following completion of the last significant aid-funded mapping projects, its name was changed one final time to Ordnance Survey International and its main activity became consultancy, primarily in Eastern Europe.[2] It was closed in 2001.[2]
The aerial photographs, maps and survey data were originally kept in separate libraries but were amalgamated in 1984 into a single collection called Technical Information and Support Services.[2] In 1991 this was renamed the Ordnance Survey International Library.[2] In 2002 it was decided that it was no longer needed and responsibility for its disposal was passed to The National Archives.[2] During 2003 and 2004 The National Archives, the Ordnance Survey and advisers from specialist bodies jointly appraised the collection to determine which records should be kept and by which custodians.[2] The collection was dispersed during 2004.[2][3]
The content of the archive is comprehensively described at [2] and its present locations are listed at [3].
During its lifetime the agency provided mapping to almost all the British colonies and protectorates.[2] In addition, some non-Commonwealth countries were mapped between 1975 and 1991 including Ethiopia, Liberia, Sudan and Yemen.[2]
Aerial photography and photogrammetry were used with photography missions being flown primarily by United Kingdom air survey companies.[4] Agency surveyors were sent abroad to establish horizontal and vertical ground control for the photography; this was permanently marked and co-ordinated so that the surveys could be the basis for future work.[4]
After a map was compiled from the photography, a plot (draft) was made for checking and annotation by the local survey department of the country concerned.[4] The final map was drawn at agency headquarters and printed by the Ordnance Survey.[4]
In addition to its primary map making role the agency was responsible for:
| Director | From |
|---|---|
| Martin Hotine | 1946-03-11 |
| G J Humphries | 1963-10-10 |
| W D C Wiggins | 1965-10-01 |
| D E Warren | 1968-05-31 |
| B E Furmston | 1979-06 |
Reference [5].